More specifically, the chapter explores how the two largest communities of the city of Chania, those of Christians and Muslims (though there was also a small Jewish presence), were affected by the changes that were brought about by the use of steamships in commerce and shipping. Secondly, to analyse the effects of improvements in navigation through the use of steam, for local communities, whose economic and everyday life was tightly connected with the port. The main focus is twofold: firstly, to highlight the role and function of the port of Chania in comparison with other big ports of Crete (Heraklion, Suda) within the economy of the Ottoman Empire, and in the south-eastern Mediterranean during the transition from sail to steam navigation in the second half of the nineteenth century. This chapter deals with the case of the Ottoman port of Chania, Crete, in the nineteenth century, a so far unexplored maritime community dominated by the Muslim element of the port population.
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